Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults

What Is Obstructive Sleep Apnoea?

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a condition where the airway becomes partially or completely blocked during sleep, causing repeated interruptions in breathing.

During sleep, the muscles and soft tissues at the back of the throat can relax and narrow the airway. This reduces airflow and may cause brief pauses in breathing throughout the night.

These interruptions can affect sleep quality and may contribute to symptoms such as tiredness, reduced concentration and daytime sleepiness.

The severity of obstructive sleep apnoea varies between individuals, and specialist assessment can help determine the most suitable approach for management.

Who Is More Likely to Develop Sleep Apnoea?

Certain factors may increase the likelihood of developing obstructive sleep apnoea, including:

• Excess weight or increased body mass index
• Increased neck circumference
• Family history of sleep apnoea
• Smoking
• Alcohol consumption, particularly close to bedtime
• Certain jaw structures that affect the airway
• Enlarged tonsils or other airway-related factors
• Existing heart or cardiovascular conditions

Having these risk factors does not necessarily mean someone has sleep apnoea, but they may indicate the need for further assessment if symptoms are present.

Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Many people with sleep apnoea are unaware that their breathing is interrupted during sleep. Symptoms may be noticed by a partner, family member or the individual themselves.

Symptoms During Sleep

Common signs include:

• Loud or persistent snoring
• Breathing pauses noticed during sleep
• Gasping or choking sounds
• Restless sleep
• Frequent waking during the night
• Sudden movements during sleep

Symptoms During the Day

Sleep apnoea may also cause:

• Excessive daytime sleepiness
• Feeling tired despite adequate sleep
• Morning headaches
• Dry or sore throat on waking
• Difficulty concentrating
• Memory problems
• Mood changes
• Reduced energy levels

If these symptoms are affecting your sleep or daily activities, specialist assessment may be appropriate.

Sleep Apnoea Assessment and Diagnosis

A consultation with Dr Anand Singh involves reviewing your symptoms, sleep patterns, medical history and any previous investigations.

Depending on your symptoms, further assessment may include a sleep study.

A sleep study monitors factors such as:

• Breathing patterns during sleep
• Oxygen levels
• Heart rate
• Sleep-related changes

The results help confirm whether obstructive sleep apnoea is present and determine the severity of the condition.

Learn About Sleep Studies Explore Sleep Services

Sleep Apnoea Treatment in London

Treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea depends on the severity of the condition, symptoms and individual circumstances.

Dr Anand Singh provides specialist guidance on suitable management options, which may include:

CPAP Therapy

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is one of the most commonly used treatments for obstructive sleep apnoea.

CPAP works by delivering gentle air pressure through a mask during sleep to help keep the airway open and reduce breathing interruptions.

It may help improve:

• Sleep quality
• Daytime tiredness
• Snoring
• Sleep-related breathing interruptions

Lifestyle Measures

Depending on individual circumstances, lifestyle changes may support sleep apnoea management.

These may include:

• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Improving sleep habits
• Reducing alcohol intake before bedtime
• Considering sleep position where appropriate

Other Treatment Options

For selected patients, other options may be considered depending on the cause and severity of sleep apnoea.

These may include:

• Oral appliances
• Positional therapy
• Surgical options
• Other specialist treatments

Treatment recommendations are based on individual assessment and clinical needs.

Sleep Apnoea and Overall Health

Untreated obstructive sleep apnoea may affect overall health and has been associated with conditions including high blood pressure and cardiovascular problems.

People with symptoms of sleep apnoea may benefit from specialist assessment to understand their condition and discuss appropriate management options.

Early diagnosis and suitable treatment can help improve sleep quality and daytime wellbeing.

Why Consult Dr Anand Singh for Sleep Apnoea?

Dr Anand Singh is a Consultant Respiratory Physician with specialist experience in sleep medicine, including obstructive sleep apnoea and non-invasive ventilation.

His approach focuses on:

• Understanding your symptoms and concerns
• Reviewing relevant investigations
• Providing specialist assessment
• Explaining diagnosis and treatment options clearly
• Developing an individualised management approach

Speak with Dr Anand Singh